A Veil-cloth For A Woman, Often Worn Tucked Into The Side Of The Waist And Drawn Upward Over The Back And The Head, The Free End Being Draped Over The Shoulder. Literally, 'a Wrap'.

Unscoured Or Undyed Knitting Wool Or Wool Dyed Before Spinning And Containing Added Oil Not Subsequently Removed.

A Term Used To Describe Manufactured Fibres In Which The Fibre-forming Substance Is Any Long-chain Synthetic Polymer Composed Of At Least 85% By Weight Of Ethene (ethylene), Propane (propylene), Or Other Olefin Units. The Term Includes The Iso Generic Names Are Polypropylene And Polyethylene

A Simple Polymer Containing A Small Number Of Repeating Units., Note: The Oligomer Most Frequently Encountered In The Textile Industry Is The Cyclic Trimer Of Poly(ethylene Benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate) (poly(ethylene Terephthalate)), The Polymer Used For Polyester Fibre. This Material Can Form Deposits During The Processing And Dyeing Of Yarns And Fabrics.

Refers To A Gradual Change In Shade From Light To Dark Or From One Color To Another. May Be Done As A Yarn Dye Or In Printing.

A French Term Meaning Shaded. It Is Used In Relation To Textiles (a) As An Adjective To Describe Fabrics With A Dyed, Printed, Or Woven Design In Which The Colour Is Graduated From Light To Dark And Often Into Stripes Of Varying Shades: And (b) As A Noun, Meaning (i) Shaded Or (ii) A Fabric With Shaded Design.

Raw Cotton Purchased Under A Procedure Whereby The Price (points On Or Off Futures) Is Between Buyer And Seller, But The Actual Futures Price Is Left To Be Fixed Within A Stipulated Period. Buyer Has The Right To 'call' (i.e., Demand Fixation Of The Futures Price) At Any Time Within Stipulated Period.

A Cationic Dye That Is Solubilized By A Labile Ammonium, Sulphonium, Phosphonium, Or Oxonium Substituent Which Splits Off During Fixation To Leave An Insoluble Colorant In The Fibre.

Scouring Of Cellulosic Textiles With Alkaline Liquors In Open-topped Vessels At Or Near The Boiling. Note: Scours At Temperatures Lower Than The Boil Are Usually Referred To As 'steeps'.

A High Speed Yarn Spinning Process That Creates Yarn By Transferring Twist From Previously Formed Yarn To Fiber Or Sliver Continuously Fed Into The Spinning Machine. The Twisting May Be Done By Mechanical Methods, Rotors Or Air Jets.

A Spinning System In Which Sliver Feedstock Is Highly Drafted, Ideally To Individual Fibre State, And Thus Creates An Open End Or Break In The Fibre Flow. The Fibres Are Subsequently Assembled On The End Of A Rotating Yarn And Twisted In. Various Techniques Are Available For Collecting And Twisting The Fibres Into A Yarn, The Most Noteworthy Being Rotor Spinning And Friction Spinning.

The Action Of Separating Closely Packed Fibres From Each Other At An Early Stage In The Processing Of Raw Material Into Yam.

The Treatment Of Fabric At Its Full Width In The Unfolded State In Contrast To Rope-form Processing. The Fabric May Be Carried On Rollers Through The Processing Media Or Be Held On A Roller, As In Dyeing.

A Substance That Is Added To An Uncoloured Or A Coloured Textile Material To Increase The Apparent Reflectance In The Visible Region By Conversion Of Ultra-violet Radiation Into Visible Light And So To Increase The Apparent Brightness Or Whiteness. Also Termed Fluorescent Brightener; Optical Whitener; Fluorescent Whitening Agent; Brightening Agent

A Thin, Very Stiff, Lightweight, Plain Weave Fabric Usually Of Cotton Or Cotton Blends. It Is Often Treated To Make The Crisp Finish Permanent. Used For Apparel Trim Such As Collars And Cuffs, Evening Wear, Dresses, Curtains.

A Thin, Plain Weave, Sheer Fabric Of Silk Or Synthetic Filament Yarn Such As Polyester Or Nylon . Used For Evening Or Party Wear, Bridal Wear, Curtains, Millinery.

(1) Parallelism Of Fibres, Usually As A Result Of A Combing Or Attenuating Action On Fibre Assemblies Causing The Fibres To Lie Substantially Parallel To The Axis Of The Web Or Strand. (2) A Predominant Direction Of Linear Molecules In The Fine Structure Of Fibres. Note 1: In Man-made Fibres Orientation Is Usually Parallel To The Fibre Axis As A Result Of Extrusion Stretching, Or Drawing. In Natural Fibres The Predominant Direction Is Determined During Growth, For Example A Helix Around The Fibre Axis In Cotton. Note 2: Unoriented Structures Are Those In Which Orientation Is Absent. Disoriented Structures Are Those In Which Orientation Has Been Reduced Or Eliminated As A Result Of A Disrupting Treatment

A Coarse, Strong, Plain Weave, Medium To Heavy Weight Fabric, Usually Of Cotton . Used For Industrial Purposes, Drapery And Upholstery.

A Medium To Heavy Weight Fabric With Wide Horizontal Ribs . May Be Knit Or Woven. Used For Women's Apparel, Upholstery, Drapery.

Usually Refers To Printing Over A Previously Dyed Fabric, However Yarn Dyes, Cross Dyes And Previously Printed Fabrics Are Also Sometimes Overprinted.

A Fabric With A Single Filling Yarn Woven Over And Under 2 Smaller Warp Yarns. Commonly Found In Cotton Shirtings,  But Oxfords Are Produced In A Wide Variety Of Fibers And Weights For Many Uses, Mainly In Apparel.