Summary:
Floral dye can be used as dyeing material for dyeing the
Textile Fibre as well as making colorful powder.
Keywords: Flower, Floral dye, Herbal Gulal, Environmental
pollution
Extended Abstract
In India a huge amount of flowers are cultivated & West Bengal is the 4th position to cultivate flowers after Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka &
Tamilnadu. These flowers are used as decoration purposes or for offering to
God. A survey report reveals that 40% of the total productions of flowers are
unsold and wasted everyday which are thrown in water of river Ganga or dumped
which also creates water pollution as well as environmental pollution. These
wasted flowers can be used in various ways & we can get wealth from waste
materials.
The various uses of these wasted flowers are:
a) Extraction of
colourful dyes from these flowers and use it in textile Industry for dyeing
purpose.
b) These colourful
dye are used to making Herbal Gulal (Abiir).
c) The residual
waste portion can be used as bio-fertilizers.
Colouful dye can be extracted from
flowers for dyeing textile fibre. These floral dye are eco-friendly & it
has no allergic action on skin like synthetic dye. Moreover the procedure is very cost-effective and depending on it small scale Industry as well as Large scale
Industry can be set up. The laboratory & pilot plant work & is going on
at Chemical Engineering department, Jadavpur University with collaboration with
Moromi, a NGO of West Bengal. Beside this these colour can be used to making
colourful herbal Gual which has no side effect on skin.
Introduction
Dyeing of textiles mean giving them a colour which is of
comparative permanence1,2,3. It implies that it should not be
possible to wash the colour out easily in laundering, nor should it fade
rapidly when exposed to light. Natural dyers in vogue during ancient days were
Indigo for dark blue/ light blue, pomegranate vined for yellow/ brown/ green,
lac for scarlet/ crimson/ purple, jackfruit heart wood for yellow/ green,
majisha root for rust red, myrobalan for khaki/ green/ black Compound shades
were also got by over dyeing of yarn with two colours or by cross weaving.
These natural dyes were eco-friendly and more importantly non-carcinogenic,
unlike the synthetic dyes in use now.
The discovery methods of synthesizing alizanin and indigo
spelt the death knell of the indigenous industry. Due to the ease of
application, bright shades obtained and the hard shell of the colonial rulers,
hand weavers started to opt for synthetic dyes without a clear understanding of
the using of these.
It is now suspected that many of the synthetic dyes are
carcinogenic in nature and havoc in life systems. Its ironic that Europe that initiated the advent of synthetic dyes in the first place woke up the dangers
of these agents and turning down for a few members of these class, proven to be harmful to life forms.
Herbal dyes however produced from floral extracts are
economical and solve the above problems. These herbal dyes are not toxic, no
allergic to human health, easily available and more economical. Some natural
sources for dye produce truly exquisite shades and economical to purchase than
chemical dyes. Upto now most of the natural dyed textiles are imported from
Third World Countries and India is still a major producer of it. Flowers of Mari-gold, China rose, Butterfly Pea, Bougainvillea, Cineraria, Alkanet etc have been
extensively used for dyeing fabric.
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