Conversions and General Mathematics

Mathematics is interlinked to each and every processes involved in any field. Some of the important general applications of mathematics in textile are as follows,

• Conversions from one unit to other as different countries have different set of units and to convert to common unit. E.g. denier, tex, count, etc.
• To arrive at a relationship between two or more variables so that by knowing one variable we can find the other. E.g. Tpi-count-twist multiplier, stitch length-wales-spacing, etc.
• By using the area, volume and density of the shapes, cross section of the fiber, density, volume and geometry of the structure can be analyzed.
• Production, Efficiency, Cover factor, Speed of the machines from gearing, weft preparation calculations in weaving, beam requirement in warping and in so many other applications in various department.

In Computer Color Matching

The main aim of the computer color matching is not only to obtain the desired shade but also to analyze the various possibilities to get the shades at minimum cost.

• Matrix: In this method the various dye compositions, their intensity, proportion, concentration and cost are treated as variables in matrix and solved by trisimulus method to get the required datas.
• Factorials: Factorials are used to explore how many combinations can match the shade, which of them are economical or how close they are when viewed in different light (meteamerism).

Partial Differentiation: It is used to predict the accuracy of the color, alignment of dyes, reflectance measurement, saturation limit, compatibility and differences in the strength and tone of the dye used.

Conclusion

In textile from cotton to apparel manufacturing every process is carried out by calculations. In order to get the required quality and production mathematical knowledge is essential especially for the management peoples. Instead of going for testing the samples for identifying many numbers of variables to arrive at the result, mathematical conversions and formulas are used for easy calculations and time saving. These mathematical formulas are mostly applied in textile sampling and testing. In order to for a new process in the industry apart from the regular process, mathematical applications are involved to obtain the optimum standards and settings.

References:

• "Textile Mathematics" Volume I, II, III By: J.E. Booth.
• "Textile Calculations" By: E.A. Posselt.
• "Computer Color Analysis" By: A.D. Sule.
• "Quality Control In Spinning" By SITRA.

About the Authors:

The authors are associated with The Department of Textile Technology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam