Pollution is the discharge of unwanted material, residue and energy into the environment. Some of these residues are unconverted raw material, some are uncovered products and some are by products produced during the manufacturing or processing. In other words, pollution is a sign of inefficiency in industrial production and it can be considered as money that is going up the chimney, down the sewer and out of the plant in waste truck, thus causing loss to the manufacturer.

The pollution in a composite textile mill can be categorized into three groups:

1. Air Pollution
2. Water Pollution
3. Noise and Vibration Pollution.

Of these, water pollution is more significant compared to other pollution.

Water pollution:

Textile industry is one of the leading consumers of water. It consumes about 3.2% of total consumption of water for various processes such as sizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing and other finishing processes. The used water containing various constituents such as dyes, chemicals is directly released into the sources of water which gets contaminated and thus resulting into water pollution. Nowadays the use of synthetic fibres, polymers and finishes by textile industry is increasing at rapid rate. Since many of these products are resistant to biological degradation, it causes water pollution when released as effluent into the water sources.

The seriousness of water pollution depends upon how effectively the above processes are carried out and also the quantity of water as well as the substrate or the chemicals used in processes.

Read Full Article

The author is studying in Final Year B.TECH at V.J.T.I.