Waste water from different sections of the chemical processing plant is combined. They are brought into Blue Spring PrecipRO zero discharge waste water recycling system. In the PrecipRO system, the combined waste is separated into two streams: solid cake containing precipitated impurities and concentrated liquid sludge containing dissolved impurities. The two final waste streams are hauled away to designated off-site disposal sites. The recovered water which is purified by reverse osmosis is recycled back to the different sections of the chemical processing plant. Water recoveries are generally in the range of 85-98% depending on the TDS content of the waste water.

Features of this Application

• Good for multiple process wastewater streams.
• Good when waste water contains Total Dissolved Solids up to 5,000 mg/L
• Can combine with waste streams from other waste water sources like fume scrubbers, cleanout waste.
• Good when wastewater contains some toxic chemicals which must be de-toxified.
• Watch for buildup of low molecular weight chemicals in the recycled water. Use activated carbon filter to remove them (Blue Spring Series AC ).
• Not suitable for recovery of individual chemicals, Mixes up chemicals.
• Not suitable when wastewater is concentrated

• The advantages of the Blue Spring PrecipRO system are:

• In most cases, there is no net discharge to the sewer or to the local environment. In other cases, the final discharge is absolutely minimum.
• The final liquid sludge can be rendered non-toxic by a suitable pre-treatment if necessary.
• The impurities being removed need not be totally insoluble in water. Even partial insolubility allows nearly 100% removals from the final liquid sludge.

Pilot scale fluidized bed steam reforming

DMR: Operates in a strongly reducing environment 1) Reductants are used to convert nitric acid, nitrates, and nitrites directly to nitrogen gas 2) Other reactants like clay may be added to convert radionuclides, alkali metals, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, phosphates, and nonvolatile heavy metals into a solid mineral product.

CRR: Operates in both reducing and oxidizing modes 1) Receives process gas and entrained fines from DMR 2) Converts residual NOx to nitrogen gas in lower reducing sections. 3) Converts carbon fines and residual organic gases to carbon dioxide and water vapor in upper oxidizing section.

OFF gas system:- 1) Off gas from the CRR (mostly nitrogen, water vapor, and carbon dioxide) is cooled, filtered, and monitored prior to being released to atmosphere. 2) No wet scrubber required to be MACT-compliant.

Impact of Catalysis in General

Catalysts are a big business and the chemical industry depends upon catalysts; People depend upon the chemical industry for our 21st century

1) 80 % of processes in chemical industry use catalysts.2) Catalyst sales in 2000 were worth 8 to 10 million USD. 3) Growth in catalyst sales is increasing, between 5 % and 10 % per year. 4) Turnover in industry using catalysts was about 14 trillion USD, which is equal to the gross domestic product of Italy. 5) The conversion of non-renewable resources (coal, raw oil, natural gas) uses catalysts.

Catalysts can have an enormous impact on the chemical industry and everyday life:

- Enable reactions to take place

- Make processes more efficient

- A 0.5 % to 1 % increase in selectivity can lead up to one million USD increase in operating profile

- Make processes environmentally friendly, economic, and safe