Advance Search

   Home >  Articles  >  Dyes and Chemicals


Zero effluent discharge in chemical processing

 Free Download  |     Email Article |  Discuss Article |  Print Article |  Rate Article

Main Objectives in Environmental Protection by Catalysis:-


a) Pollution prevention by developing energy-saving processes free of pollution formation.

b) Decreasing pollution by achieving higher selectivity in fuel and chemical manufacture

c) Decreasing pollution by developing new and improved catalytic processes for removal of pollutants.

d) Developing competitive processes for production of hydrogen, chemicals and energy sources, providing reduced CO2 production.

e) Research: production of major products with greater energy and feedstock efficiency and with improved environmental issues.


Where catalysis plays a major role in the future?


  1. Reformulated fuels
  2. NOx, SOx; CFCs, VOCs, CO, methane, automotive exhaust gases O3, N2O, CO2
  3. Byproducts from chemical industry
  4. Odor control
  5. Toxic waste gas purification


Driving forces:


  1. Environmental concerns
  2. More selective catalysts to improve yields and to reduce byproducts formation
  3. Replacement of liquid acids and aluminum chloride with solid acids, based on zeolite chemistry or other amorphous acidified silica alumina.


Membrane Separation


As the cost of wastewater disposal increases more emphasis is being placed upon the recovery and recycling of valuable chemicals contained within these streams. Membrane technology is a more recent development that can be used in conjuction with extraction solvents to extend the range of conditions under which such processes are available.1 The separation of distillery grain stillage was carried out on the micro filtration and ultra filtration ceramic three-channel membranes with pore diameter range from 1.4 μm to 15 kDa. In separation sequence the ions were recovered from permeates by electrodialysis.4, 5. The process was evaluated from the point of view of the mass balance and the dynamics (total separation time, the decline of the filtration effort made on the ceramic membranes, fouling effect, etc.). With this process we try to get some advantages over the conventional process in terms of eliminating both land and energy costs for the wastewater treatment process and improving the quality of the discharge water.


Reverse Osmosis


When a permeable membrane separates a dilute solution, the osmotic pressure drives the water molecules from the dilute solution, through the membrane to establish equilibrium. This natural response is reserved in the reverse osmosis process, where the waste water containing dissolved salts are filtered through a semi-permeable membrane such as cellulose acetate at a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure.


 

1 2 3 4 5  ]    


 Free Download  |     Email Article |  Discuss Article  |  Print Article
     Del.icio.us |  Furl |  Reddit |  Yahoo! |  Google |  Stumble |  Digg   

Product Focus

Article Category
  Textile
  Technology
  Industry
  Apparel
  General
  Fashion
  Retail
  Technical Textile
  Leather, Footwear & Jewellery
  Software
  Dyes & Chemicals
  Handloom and Handicraft
  Machinery

Submit Your Article
Contributor's Profile
Contributor's Login
Subscribe for Newsletter
RSS Feeds
Disclaimer
Find Manufacturers of:
Find Used Machinery Sellers:
Wetting Agent
Foam Control Agents
Hydrogen Peroxide
More
Top 5 Dyes Buyer
India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Turkey, China
View All Buyers
Top 5 Dyes Seller
India, China, Taiwan, Turkey, USA
View All Sellers

Latest Articles
Ozone Cracking in Drafting Aprons  
Rural Craftsmanship, Employment Creation and Poverty Alleviation  
Competitive Scenario and Upcoming Trends in the Denim Market  [M]
Meteoric Rise and Free Fall of Indian Rupee - Garment Exporters at their Wit's End  
Home Textiles Industry: An Overview  
Most Downloaded Articles
The EHS Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing include information relevant ...
The significance of home textiles can be better understood by knowing ...
Global economy graph shows a sluggish trend due to the prevailing recession ...
Weft knitted fabrics tend to undergo certain dimensional change that causes ...
For decades, the textile industry has applied the principles of process ...


Disclaimer |  Enquiry |  Sitemap |  Our Services |  Feedback / Comments
Copyright © 2008 .
All rights reserved by
Sanblue Enterprises Pvt. Ltd.
For best view:
Use Internet Explorer 5.0+,
Screen resolution 1024 x 768