On the basis of the way in which they are attached to a garment, buttons can be classified into two main types:

1) Sew-through buttons that is flat buttons which have holes on their surface and which can be directly sewn on to the garment.
2) Shaft buttons that is the buttons which have an attachment on the back side. Such buttons are sewn on to the garment using this attachment.

Button size

The size of a button is measured in �lignes�, which is also known as �lines�. The abbreviation for lignes is L. 40 L equal 1 inch.

Certain standard sizes of buttons have been commonly accepted. For men�s shirts, the standard size of the button is 16 L, which is equal to 10.16 mm. The commonly accepted button size for suit jackets is 32 L, which is equal to 20.32 mm.

Button loops

Sometimes button loops are also used in place of buttonholes. However, they are not as commonly used as buttonholes.

Buttonholes

Usually, buttonholes are used to fasten buttons. Buttonholes refer to slit cut into the fabric, the edges are covered with stitches.

The size of the buttonhole depends upon the size of the button. The commonly accepted size of the buttonhole is equal to the diameter of the button plus 1/8 inch.

Button holes can be created either manually or with the help of a machine.

Button holes are of different types, such as horizontal, vertical and keyhole type. Keyhole type buttonholes are those which have a round hole at the end of the slit. Such buttonholes are usually placed on suits and jackets.

Button holes are usually placed on the left side of a garment in case of men�s garments and on the right side in case of garments for women. Horizontal buttonholes are used on the central front part of a garment. However, when there is a central front panel in the garment, vertical buttonholes are used.

Buttonhole stitches

The stitches that are used on the edges of a buttonhole are called buttonhole stitches. Buttonhole stitches are similar to blanket stitches, but are shorter. The stitches are done very close together.

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