Appearance of textiles is of utmost importance for its quality control and commercialization. Wrinkling is one of the most important fabric performance properties. Cotton fabrics have high absorption and swelling capacity and are most likely to cause crease. When textiles like linen and cotton are laundered, it is desired that wrinkles should be eliminated after the cleaning and drying process. Mechanical techniques like ironing are being used, but this is time consuming and inconvenient to some extent. Ironing is a tedious task that tops the list of unpopular household chores. Therefore there is always an inevitable need for effective means of reducing wrinkles in textiles. Attempts to reduce wrinkles by means of chemical treatment to textiles are in existence for quite some time. The advent of synthetic fibres also created an urgency to produce wrinkle free of durable press cotton garments.
Normally wrinkles in fabrics are measured by using the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC). Under this method, clothes are washed, dried and stored in a defined way. Then they are evaluated by wrinkle smoothness replicas. Results are classified under five categories; 1,2,3,3.5, 4 and 5. Rating 5 is considered as smooth fabric while 1 is considered as wrinkled.
Researchers have now developed a gentle finishing called Comfort-Finish for the finishing of textile end products. This minimizes the wrinkles on the fabric. This textile treatment composition imparts anti-wrinkling properties to textiles treated therewith. They facilitate reduction by lubricating the surface of the fibres. Due to this chemical treatment, fewer chances are there for the fibres to get entangled with each other, thereby resulting in less or no wrinkles on the fabric. This new process is easy to control and can be applied to on woven, knits etc. At the same time, the effectiveness of this treatment depends mainly on the quality of the fabric and the treatments given to it. The fabric should be of high quality and has to be pre-treated with liquid ammonia so as to have a wrinkle free effect.
This treatment works best with cellulose fibres and their blends. This process is much easier and less expensive when compared with moist cross linkage method; which was generally used earlier. It is less corrosive than the mineral acids commonly used for moist cross linking. It has less formaldehyde values even in the presence of high amount of resins; which makes the fabric non-allergic. This treatment can be effectively used on wash and wear and wrinkle free shirts, blouses, trousers, sheeting, and work wear. This has low fibre damages and hence results in lesser tearing and abrasion over the conventional catalysts. It also prevents yellowing of clothes.
The way of treating wrinkles in fabrics has always been ironing right from grandmothers ages. Modern innovations and creativity had come up with wrinkle free clothing that is also environmentally friendly. As this process is cost effective and is also non-allergic, it will soon see a commercial development.
References:
1) http://www.expresstextile.com
4) http://www.sciencedaily.com
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