BiologicalTreatment of Textile Effluents: Best adoptable option results in cost &environment savings with outstanding treatment efficiency


Abstract


Textilewet processes generate effluents of extremely variable composition andconstitute an environmental risk specially water pollution of major concern. Byrapid disposal of untreated wastewater deteriorate the ecosystem and damage theaquatic life. To combat ecological degradation it is mandatory for a textiledyeing industry to install an effective effluent treatment plant (ETP). Thisstudy, focused on investigating the best possible solution to install the mosteconomic and effective effluent treatment plant analyzing physico-chemical,biological, chlorination and other combined wastewater treatment techniquespracticed in composite textile industries at present times in Bangladesh. It isfound that biological wastewater treatment possesses high degree of efficiencywith minimum running cost (5 to 6 times less) compared to other methods.Average reduction efficiency of BOD, COD, TSS and TDS is found 84%, 59.1%,81.7% and 54.8% respectively by biological treatment. None of the methodsexcept biological method can satisfy discharge standard. Combinedphysico-chemical and biological method is considered as the most efficientmethod. But real situation is different. High running cost (20-28 tk/m3) due tohigh chemical consumption, huge amount of highly toxic sludge (2-5 kg/m3)disposal problem do not encourage the owners to run the plant effectively.Treatment with chlorine is very cheap but high probability of producingdangerous disinfection byproducts (DBPs) restricts its application.


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The author is studentof Final year in Department ofWet Processing Technology at Bangladesh University of Textiles.