The Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB is working on biobased alternatives for chemicals often used in textile processing. The Institute is trying to utilise side streams from the animal feed manufacture for producing chitosan, which is used as a sizing agent in the processing of yarns or for functionalisation of textiles.
Fraunhofer IGB is presenting its work at the ACHEMA trade fair in Frankfurt am Main.The Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB is working on biobased alternatives for chemicals often used in textile processing. The Institute is trying to utilise side streams from the animal feed manufacture for producing chitosan, which is used as a sizing agent in the processing of yarns or for functionalisation of textiles.#
Chitin is a major component of insect skins and shells; large quantities of it result from the production of animal feed – ever since the feed industry has increasingly relied on insects as protein suppliers. Insects have the advantage that they reproduce quickly and can be bred cheaply on low-value substrates. This makes them a sustainable source of protein. So far, soya has been used for this purpose, but its cultivation is in direct competition with food production. Insect proteins have already been approved for poultry and pig feed. Since summer 2017, they can also be used as feeding stuff for fish. It is therefore to be expected that the use of insect proteins will become even more important in the future.
The feed industry is focused on proteins, but the skins and shells of insects remain as a waste product. If they can also be utilised, this contributes to the sustainability and economic efficiency of the overall feed production. The potential is enormous: in the course of their development, the larvae of the insects shed their skins several times. The remaining molting products consist up to 40 per cent of chitin.
In the joint project “ChitoTex”, the Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB is investigating how insect chitin from animal feed production can be processed to supply biobased chemicals for textile processing. “For a long time now, we have been working on the development of processes for the recycling of residual and waste materials and therefore have the necessary expertise,” explains Dr. Susanne Zibek, who heads the research area of industrial biotechnology at the Institute.
At first, the Fraunhofer researchers developed a purification process to separate chitin from further components of the insect skins such as proteins and minerals. “We are investigating various ways of deacetylating chitin to produce chitosan,” Zibek explains. "With an enzyme screening for example, we search for suitable enzymes for the deacetylation process".
Due to its ability to form films, chitosan can be used as a sizing agent. This reduces friction in weaving machines and prevents the roughening or breaking of yarns in the weaving process; after that the sizing agent is either washed out again or remains on the yarn. In either case, biobased and natural alternatives to synthetic agents are beneficial for man and environment.
The second possible application is the functionalisation of textiles, that is the finishing of textile fabrics with specific properties. “For example, we want to use the functional amino group to link hydrophobic molecules with the chitosan. Water-repellent properties can be achieved when applied to textiles.” Until now, environmentally harmful fluorocarbons are widely used for the hydrophobic finishing of outdoor textiles. (SV)
Fibre2Fashion News Desk – India
20240830145952.gif)
.jpg?tr=w-120,h-60,c-at_max,cm-pad_resize,bg-ffffff "UBM China (Shanghai)")
-Ltd..jpg?tr=w-120,h-60,c-at_max,cm-pad_resize,bg-ffffff "Thermore (Far East) Ltd.")
